What is SSI?

Shoe Stability Index (SSI) is an indicator of shoe stability, as an index. SSI is derived through mathematically combining the quantified measurements of midfoot stability (TCI) and hindfoot stability (VCI), indicating the shoe’s overall ability to control the motion of the foot.

What is TCI?

Torsion Control Index (TCI) is a measurement of midfoot shoe stability, in inch-pound units (in.-lbs.). TCI is measured through actively twisting a shoe around the longitudinal axis of the shoe, from the heel to the area of the toes joints, simulating rotational forces of the foot, and measuring the shoe’s resistance to this motion.

The higher the TCI, the firmer the midfoot and more torsional stability. The lower the TCI, the softer the midfoot and less torsional stability.

What is VCI?

Vertical Compression Index (VCI) is a measurement of hindfoot shoe stability, in millimeters (mm). VCI is measured through compression of the heel portion of the shoe under a fixed amount of pressure, thereby measuring how the structure of the shoe controls rearfoot motion.

The higher the VCI, the softer the midsole and less hindfoot stability. The lower the VCI, the firmer the midsole and more hindfoot stability.

What is Loaded Heel to Toe Drop?

Loaded Heel to Toe Drop is the measurement in millimeters of the height of the heel relative to the fore foot when compressed to a fixed poundage. This can be defined as vertical support.

What is RI?

Rebound Index (RI) is an indicator of energy return of shoe to the foot, in millimeters (mm). RI is measured through compression of the heel portion of the shoe under a fixed amount of pressure, and then determining how much force the shoe exerts on the foot.

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Shoe Rankings

Rankings for: "Women's Shoes" , "December 2020"

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Table List Visual List

Level 1 – High Stability/Motion Control

Shoe Weight TCITorsion Control Index (Midfoot Stability) VCIVertical Compression Index (Hindfoot Stability) Vertical Support Loaded Heel to Toe Drop (Vertical Support) Cushion SSIShoe Stability Index Level RIRebound Index Recommendations
Salomon – XA Pro 3D v8 10.5 68 in.-lbs (High) 3.03 mm (Max) 4.97 mm (Mod) Firm 91.8 High Stability Medium Supination, Moderate Pronation, Severe Pronation
LA Sportiva – Akyra GTX 11.1 80 in.-lbs (High) 4.3 mm (Max) 4.7 mm (Mod) Firm 91.3 High Stability Low Supination, Moderate Pronation, Severe Pronation
New Balance – 1540 v3 11.6 65 in.-lbs (High) 4 mm (Max) 6 mm (Max) Firm 83.3 High Stability Medium Supination, Moderate Pronation, Severe Pronation, Flat Feet
New Balance – 990 v5 11.8 59 in.-lbs (High) 4.9 mm (Mod) 7.1 mm (Max) Mod 73.3 High Stability High Supination, Moderate Pronation, Severe Pronation
Asics – GT 4000 v2 8.4 64 in.-lbs (High) 5.42 mm (Mod) 4.58 mm (Mod) Mod 73.2 High Stability High Supination, Moderate Pronation, Severe Pronation
New Balance – 940 v4 9.7 67 in.-lbs (High) 5.78 mm (Min) 6.22 mm (Max) Soft 72.8 High Stability Medium Supination, Moderate Pronation, Severe Pronation
Brooks – Addiction 14 9.1 58 in.-lbs (High) 5.24 mm (Mod) 6.76 mm (Max) Mod 70.4 High Stability High Supination, Moderate Pronation, Severe Pronation, Flat Feet
Brooks – Cascadia 15 9 53 in.-lbs (Mod) 4.78 mm (Mod) 3.22 mm (Mod) Mod 70.1 High Stability High Supination, Moderate Pronation, Severe Pronation


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Level 2 – Moderate stability

Shoe Weight TCITorsion Control Index (Midfoot Stability) VCIVertical Compression Index (Hindfoot Stability) Vertical Support Loaded Heel to Toe Drop (Vertical Support) Cushion SSIShoe Stability Index Level RIRebound Index Recommendations
Salomon – X-Mission 3 8.7 54 in.-lbs (Mod) 5.04 mm (Mod) 5.96 mm (Max) Mod 69.1 Moderate Stability Medium Supination, Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation, Moderate Pronation
LA Sportiva – Bushido II 8.6 49 in.-lbs (Mod) 4.57 mm (Mod) 1.43 mm (Min) Mod 68.9 Moderate Stability High Supination, Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation, Moderate Pronation
Salomon – SpeedCross 5 9.4 52 in.-lbs (Mod) 4.94 mm (Mod) 5.06 mm (Max) Mod 68.4 Moderate Stability Medium Supination, Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation, Moderate Pronation
Asics – GT 2000 9 7.3 56 in.-lbs (High) 5.48 mm (Mod) 4.52 mm (Mod) Mod 67.5 Moderate Stability High Supination, Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation, Moderate Pronation
Asics – Gel Kayano 27 8.7 67 in.-lbs (High) 6.64 mm (Min) 3.36 mm (Mod) Soft 67.1 Moderate Stability High Supination, Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation, Moderate Pronation
Brooks – Dyad 11 9.2 54 in.-lbs (Mod) 5.38 mm (Mod) 4.62 mm (Mod) Mod 66.8 Moderate Stability High Supination, Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation, Moderate Pronation, Flat Feet
361 Degrees – Sensation 4 8.3 44 in.-lbs (Mod) 4.44 mm (Max) 4.56 mm (Mod) Firm 66.4 Moderate Stability High Supination, Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation, Moderate Pronation
Brooks – Ariel 20 8.8 52 in.-lbs (Mod) 5.24 mm (Mod) 6.76 mm (Max) Mod 66.4 Moderate Stability High Supination, Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation, Moderate Pronation, Flat Feet
Saucony – Omni 19 9.2 48 in.-lbs (Mod) 5.68 mm (Min) 2.32 mm (Min) Soft 60.8 Moderate Stability Medium Supination, Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation, Moderate Pronation


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Level 3 – Light Stability

Shoe Weight TCITorsion Control Index (Midfoot Stability) VCIVertical Compression Index (Hindfoot Stability) Vertical Support Loaded Heel to Toe Drop (Vertical Support) Cushion SSIShoe Stability Index Level RIRebound Index Recommendations
On – Cloud 2.0 6.8 40 in.-lbs (Min) 5.01 mm (Mod) 0.99 mm (Min) Mod 59.9 Minimum Stability High Supination, Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation, Moderate Pronation
Saucony – Excursion TR14 8.8 43 in.-lbs (Mod) 5.35 mm (Mod) 2.65 mm (Min) Mod 59.7 Minimum Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
New Balance – 860 v11 9 56 in.-lbs (High) 6.76 mm (Min) 3.24 mm (Mod) Soft 58.9 Minimum Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Asics – GT 1000 9 7.5 52 in.-lbs (Mod) 6.51 mm (Min) 1.49 mm (Min) Soft 57.9 Minimum Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Asics – Gel Cumulus 21 7.9 51 in.-lbs (Mod) 6.64 mm (Min) 3.36 mm (Mod) Soft 56.4 Minimum Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Altra – Escalante 2 7.2 38 in.-lbs (Min) 5.57 mm (Min) -5.57 mm (Min) Soft 54.9 Minimum Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Saucony – Guide 13 TR 9.1 40 in.-lbs (Min) 5.96 mm (Min) 2.04 mm (Min) Soft 53.6 Minimum Stability Medium Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Saucony – Echelon 8 9.5 47 in.-lbs (Mod) 6.73 mm (Min) 1.27 mm (Min) Soft 53.1 Minimum Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Adidas – UltraBoost 20 9.6 42 in.-lbs (Mod) 6.3 mm (Min) 3.7 mm (Mod) Soft 52.7 Minimum Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Mizuno – Wave Inspire Waveknit 16 7.8 46 in.-lbs (Mod) 6.77 mm (Min) 5.23 mm (Max) Soft 52.2 Minimum Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
361 Degrees – Strata 4 9 42 in.-lbs (Mod) 6.57 mm (Min) 1.43 mm (Min) Soft 50.9 Minimum Stability High Mild Pronation


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Level 4 – Neutral

Shoe Weight TCITorsion Control Index (Midfoot Stability) VCIVertical Compression Index (Hindfoot Stability) Vertical Support Loaded Heel to Toe Drop (Vertical Support) Cushion SSIShoe Stability Index Level RIRebound Index Recommendations
Asics – Gel Nimbus 22 9.1 46 in.-lbs (Mod) 7.43 mm (Min) 5.57 mm (Max) Soft 47.8 Neutral Stability Medium Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Mizuno – Wave Horizon 4 8.5 44 in.-lbs (Mod) 7.27 mm (Min) 2.73 mm (Min) Soft 47.5 Neutral Stability Medium Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Brooks – Adrenaline GTS 21 8.1 43 in.-lbs (Mod) 7.39 mm (Min) 4.61 mm (Mod) Soft 46.1 Neutral Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Mizuno – Wave Rider Waveknit 3 7.8 42 in.-lbs (Mod) 7.4 mm (Min) 4.6 mm (Mod) Soft 45.3 Neutral Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Saucony – Guide 13 8.5 40 in.-lbs (Min) 7.26 mm (Min) 0.74 mm (Min) Soft 44.9 Neutral Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Brooks – Ghost 13 8.8 42 in.-lbs (Mod) 7.68 mm (Min) 4.32 mm (Mod) Soft 43.5 Neutral Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Brooks – Transcend 7 8.4 38 in.-lbs (Min) 7.6 mm (Min) 2.4 mm (Min) Soft 41.3 Neutral Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Nike – Epic React Flyknit 2 6.7 33 in.-lbs (Min) 7.24 mm (Min) 2.76 mm (Min) Soft 40.4 Neutral Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Brooks – Glycerin 18 8.1 36 in.-lbs (Min) 8.38 mm (Min) 1.62 mm (Min) Soft 34.8 Neutral Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
New Balance – 1080 v10 7.6 38 in.-lbs (Min) 9.26 mm (Min) -1.26 mm (Min) Soft 30.3 Neutral Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Hoka One One – Clifton 7 7.1 50 in.-lbs (Mod) 10.52 mm (Min) -5.52 mm (Min) Soft 29.9 Neutral Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Hoka One One – Bondi 7 8.9 56 in.-lbs (High) 11.2 mm (Min) -7.2 mm (Min) Soft 29.3 Neutral Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation
Nike – Air Zoom Pegasus 37 7.4 34 in.-lbs (Min) 9.42 mm (Min) 0.58 mm (Min) Soft 26.5 Neutral Stability High Neutral Pronation, Mild Pronation



Shoe Definitions

What is SSI?

Shoe Stability Index (SSI) is an indicator of shoe stability, as an index. SSI is derived through mathematically combining the quantified measurements of midfoot stability (TCI) and hindfoot stability (VCI), indicating the shoe’s overall ability to control the motion of the foot.

What is TCI?

Torsion Control Index (TCI) is a measurement of midfoot shoe stability, in inch-pound units (in.-lbs.). TCI is measured through actively twisting a shoe around the longitudinal axis of the shoe, from the heel to the area of the toes joints, simulating rotational forces of the foot, and measuring the shoe’s resistance to this motion.

The higher the TCI, the firmer the midfoot and more torsional stability. The lower the TCI, the softer the midfoot and less torsional stability.

What is VCI?

Vertical Compression Index (VCI) is a measurement of hindfoot shoe stability, in millimeters (mm). VCI is measured through compression of the heel portion of the shoe under a fixed amount of pressure, thereby measuring how the structure of the shoe controls rearfoot motion.

The higher the VCI, the softer the midsole and less hindfoot stability. The lower the VCI, the firmer the midsole and more hindfoot stability.

What is Loaded Heel to Toe Drop?

Loaded Heel to Toe Drop is the measurement in millimeters of the height of the heel relative to the fore foot when compressed to a fixed poundage. This can be defined as vertical support.

What is RI?

Rebound Index (RI) is an indicator of energy return of shoe to the foot, in millimeters (mm). RI is measured through compression of the heel portion of the shoe under a fixed amount of pressure, and then determining how much force the shoe exerts on the foot.

Level 1 – High Stability/Motion Control

XA Pro 3D v8

Salomon / / 10.5
Overall Stability SSI: 91.8 (High Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 68 in.-lbs (High)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 3.03 mm (Max)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 4.97 mm (Mod)
Cushioning: Firm
RI Index (Energy Return): 12.73 mm (Medium)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Akyra GTX

LA Sportiva / / 11.1
Overall Stability SSI: 91.3 (High Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 80 in.-lbs (High)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 4.3 mm (Max)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 4.7 mm (Mod)
Cushioning: Firm
RI Index (Energy Return): 10.6 mm (Low)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

1540 v3

New Balance / / 11.6
Overall Stability SSI: 83.3 (High Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 65 in.-lbs (High)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 4 mm (Max)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 6 mm (Max)
Cushioning: Firm
RI Index (Energy Return): 14.24 mm (Medium)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

990 v5

New Balance / / 11.8
Overall Stability SSI: 73.3 (High Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 59 in.-lbs (High)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 4.9 mm (Mod)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 7.1 mm (Max)
Cushioning: Mod
RI Index (Energy Return): 16.29 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

GT 4000 v2

Asics / / 8.4
Overall Stability SSI: 73.2 (High Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 64 in.-lbs (High)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 5.42 mm (Mod)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 4.58 mm (Mod)
Cushioning: Mod
RI Index (Energy Return): 16.67 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

940 v4

New Balance / / 9.7
Overall Stability SSI: 72.8 (High Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 67 in.-lbs (High)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 5.78 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 6.22 mm (Max)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 13.1 mm (Medium)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Addiction 14

Brooks / / 9.1
Overall Stability SSI: 70.4 (High Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 58 in.-lbs (High)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 5.24 mm (Mod)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 6.76 mm (Max)
Cushioning: Mod
RI Index (Energy Return): 16.4 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Cascadia 15

Brooks / / 9
Overall Stability SSI: 70.1 (High Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 53 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 4.78 mm (Mod)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 3.22 mm (Mod)
Cushioning: Mod
RI Index (Energy Return): 17.19 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet
Click to Print

Level 2 – Moderate stability

X-Mission 3

Salomon / / 8.7
Overall Stability SSI: 69.1 (Moderate Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 54 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 5.04 mm (Mod)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 5.96 mm (Max)
Cushioning: Mod
RI Index (Energy Return): 12.83 mm (Medium)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Bushido II

LA Sportiva / / 8.6
Overall Stability SSI: 68.9 (Moderate Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 49 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 4.57 mm (Mod)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 1.43 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Mod
RI Index (Energy Return): 15.35 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

SpeedCross 5

Salomon / / 9.4
Overall Stability SSI: 68.4 (Moderate Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 52 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 4.94 mm (Mod)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 5.06 mm (Max)
Cushioning: Mod
RI Index (Energy Return): 12.72 mm (Medium)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

GT 2000 9

Asics / / 7.3
Overall Stability SSI: 67.5 (Moderate Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 56 in.-lbs (High)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 5.48 mm (Mod)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 4.52 mm (Mod)
Cushioning: Mod
RI Index (Energy Return): 17.39 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Gel Kayano 27

Asics / / 8.7
Overall Stability SSI: 67.1 (Moderate Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 67 in.-lbs (High)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 6.64 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 3.36 mm (Mod)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 15.35 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Dyad 11

Brooks / / 9.2
Overall Stability SSI: 66.8 (Moderate Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 54 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 5.38 mm (Mod)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 4.62 mm (Mod)
Cushioning: Mod
RI Index (Energy Return): 16.54 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Sensation 4

361 Degrees / / 8.3
Overall Stability SSI: 66.4 (Moderate Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 44 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 4.44 mm (Max)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 4.56 mm (Mod)
Cushioning: Firm
RI Index (Energy Return): 18.39 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Ariel 20

Brooks / / 8.8
Overall Stability SSI: 66.4 (Moderate Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 52 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 5.24 mm (Mod)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 6.76 mm (Max)
Cushioning: Mod
RI Index (Energy Return): 15.21 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Omni 19

Saucony / / 9.2
Overall Stability SSI: 60.8 (Moderate Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 48 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 5.68 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 2.32 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 14.73 mm (Medium)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet
Click to Print

Level 3 – Light Stability

Cloud 2.0

On / / 6.8
Overall Stability SSI: 59.9 (Minimum Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 40 in.-lbs (Min)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 5.01 mm (Mod)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 0.99 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Mod
RI Index (Energy Return): 21.21 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Excursion TR14

Saucony / / 8.8
Overall Stability SSI: 59.7 (Minimum Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 43 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 5.35 mm (Mod)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 2.65 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Mod
RI Index (Energy Return): 16.28 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

860 v11

New Balance / / 9
Overall Stability SSI: 58.9 (Minimum Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 56 in.-lbs (High)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 6.76 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 3.24 mm (Mod)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 15.2 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

GT 1000 9

Asics / / 7.5
Overall Stability SSI: 57.9 (Minimum Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 52 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 6.51 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 1.49 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 19.11 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Gel Cumulus 21

Asics / / 7.9
Overall Stability SSI: 56.4 (Minimum Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 51 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 6.64 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 3.36 mm (Mod)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 16.58 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Escalante 2

Altra / / 7.2
Overall Stability SSI: 54.9 (Minimum Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 38 in.-lbs (Min)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 5.57 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): -5.57 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 22.97 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Guide 13 TR

Saucony / / 9.1
Overall Stability SSI: 53.6 (Minimum Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 40 in.-lbs (Min)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 5.96 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 2.04 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 12.48 mm (Medium)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Echelon 8

Saucony / / 9.5
Overall Stability SSI: 53.1 (Minimum Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 47 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 6.73 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 1.27 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 16.37 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

UltraBoost 20

Adidas / / 9.6
Overall Stability SSI: 52.7 (Minimum Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 42 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 6.3 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 3.7 mm (Mod)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 17.33 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Wave Inspire Waveknit 16

Mizuno / / 7.8
Overall Stability SSI: 52.2 (Minimum Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 46 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 6.77 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 5.23 mm (Max)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 17.01 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Strata 4

361 Degrees / / 9
Overall Stability SSI: 50.9 (Minimum Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 42 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 6.57 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 1.43 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 19.57 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet
Click to Print

Level 4 – Neutral

Gel Nimbus 22

Asics / / 9.1
Overall Stability SSI: 47.8 (Neutral Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 46 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 7.43 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 5.57 mm (Max)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 14.7 mm (Medium)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Wave Horizon 4

Mizuno / / 8.5
Overall Stability SSI: 47.5 (Neutral Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 44 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 7.27 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 2.73 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 14.76 mm (Medium)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Adrenaline GTS 21

Brooks / / 8.1
Overall Stability SSI: 46.1 (Neutral Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 43 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 7.39 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 4.61 mm (Mod)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 16.09 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Wave Rider Waveknit 3

Mizuno / / 7.8
Overall Stability SSI: 45.3 (Neutral Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 42 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 7.4 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 4.6 mm (Mod)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 16.56 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Guide 13

Saucony / / 8.5
Overall Stability SSI: 44.9 (Neutral Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 40 in.-lbs (Min)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 7.26 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 0.74 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 15.42 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Ghost 13

Brooks / / 8.8
Overall Stability SSI: 43.5 (Neutral Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 42 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 7.68 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 4.32 mm (Mod)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 16.47 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Transcend 7

Brooks / / 8.4
Overall Stability SSI: 41.3 (Neutral Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 38 in.-lbs (Min)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 7.6 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 2.4 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 17.49 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Epic React Flyknit 2

Nike / / 6.7
Overall Stability SSI: 40.4 (Neutral Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 33 in.-lbs (Min)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 7.24 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 2.76 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 17.83 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Glycerin 18

Brooks / / 8.1
Overall Stability SSI: 34.8 (Neutral Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 36 in.-lbs (Min)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 8.38 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 1.62 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 19 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

1080 v10

New Balance / / 7.6
Overall Stability SSI: 30.3 (Neutral Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 38 in.-lbs (Min)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 9.26 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): -1.26 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 19.08 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Clifton 7

Hoka One One / / 7.1
Overall Stability SSI: 29.9 (Neutral Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 50 in.-lbs (Mod)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 10.52 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): -5.52 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 19.8 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Bondi 7

Hoka One One / / 8.9
Overall Stability SSI: 29.3 (Neutral Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 56 in.-lbs (High)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 11.2 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): -7.2 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 25 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet

Air Zoom Pegasus 37

Nike / / 7.4
Overall Stability SSI: 26.5 (Neutral Stability)
Midfoot Stability TCI: 34 in.-lbs (Min)
Hindfoot Stability VCI: 9.42 mm (Min)
Loaded HTD (Vert Support): 0.58 mm (Min)
Cushioning: Soft
RI Index (Energy Return): 25 mm (High)

Injuries View Injury Profiler

Achilles Tendonitis Anterior Shin Splints Hallux Valgus (Bunion) Ilio-Tibial Band Syndrome Lateral Ankle Sprain Medial Shin Splints Neuroma Patello-Femoral (Runner's Knee) Plantar Fasciitis Posterior Tibial Tendonitis

Foot Pattern

Supination Neutral Pronation Mild Pronation Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation Flat Feet
foot_mild
Supination Neutral Mild/Moderate Pronation Severe Pronation / Flat Foot
Characterized by a high arch that remains rigid through the gait cycle Characterized by a moderate arch height with a minimal degree of motion through the gait cycle Indicated by a mild to moderate amount of inward rotation of the midfoot (or "collapsing" of the medial arch) when weight-bearing Indicated by a high degree of inward rotation of the midfoot (or "collapsing" of the medial arch) when weight-bearing, to where the foot appears flat.

Determining Foot Pattern

Compare your feet and water footprints to the images seen above. All pictures were taken in a weight bearing position (standing). Once again, these images should only be used as a casual guide until you can be evaluated properly.

The most accurate way to determine your foot pattern is to have a professional observe you walking barefoot. A doctor, physical therapist or a specialty running store should be able to do this for you. Although not perfect, the “water” test can also give you some idea of your foot type. This entails getting your feet wet, walking on dry cement, and observing the prints left behind (see images above).

Please remember that foot patterns are defined by the motion of the foot (or lack thereof) through the gait cycle, and not solely the height of the arch. Although the type of heel strike can often be determined by the wear of a shoe, shoe wear does not always indicate the actual foot pattern (which occurs in the mid-stance of the gait cycle, after heel strike).


October 2023 test data is now live!